름달

본문

[성 명]

대한민국 국회는 에이즈확산의 주범이 되려는가?

트립스플러스의 종합판인 한미FTA를 당장 폐기하라!

유엔에이즈는 국제사회의 에이즈대응 10년에 대한 평가속에서 향후 대응전략으로 3Zeros(신규감염 제로, 에이즈관련 사망 제로, 차별 제로, Zero new infection, Zero AIDS-related deaths, Zero discrimination)를 제시했다. 그리고 올해 6월 유엔회원국들은 ‘에이즈에 관한 유엔고위급회의(UN general assembly high level meeting on HIV/AIDS)’에서 에이즈관련 사망을 제로로 만들기위해 ‘15by15’를 약속했다. ‘15by15'는 2015년까지 1500만명의 감염인이 에이즈치료제(항레트로바이러스제)를 공급받을 수 있도록 하겠다는 것이다. 에이즈치료를 필요로하는 1500만명의 감염인중 3/5이 에이즈치료제를 먹지못하고 있고, 에이즈치료가 곧 예방의 중요한 수단임이 과학적으로 증명되었기 때문이다. 유엔에이즈(UNAIDS)에 따르면 2001년에 비해 2010년 말 현재 저/중간소득 국가에서 에이즈 치료를 받고 있는 감염인은 약 660만 명으로 획기적으로 늘었다. 에이즈 치료제에 대한 접근성이 확대된 것은 값싼 복제약 덕분이다. 하지만 치료가 필요한 900만 명의 에이즈감염인이 여전히 치료를 받지 못하고 있다.

그러나 유엔회원국들의 국제적인 약속인 '15by15'의 실현을 불가능하게 만들 협정들이 진행되고 있다. 인도-EU FTA, 환태평양경제동반자협정(TPPA), 한미FTA, 위조방지무역협정(ACTA) 등을 통해 미국과 유럽이 트립스협정보다 더 강력한 지적재산권의 보호를 강요하고 있다. 자료독점권, 허가-특허연계, 복제약 수출입을 가로막는 집행조치, 특허보호기간 확대, 특허대상 확대 등 트립스협정보다 더 강력한 지적재산권보호를 강요하는 협정, 일명 트립스플러스협정이 한국에서 진행되고 있다. 미국정부가 가장 강요하는 허가-특허연계는 미국에서도 제네릭 출시지연과 특허남용을 유발하여 미국민들에게 비싼 약값의 부담을 전가시키고 있다. NAFTA로 인해 캐나다가 허가-특허 연계를 도입한 이래 한국은 한미FTA가 비준되면 허가-특허 연계 제도를 세 번째로 도입하는 나라가 된다. 한미FTA는 허가-특허연계, 자료독점권 등을 포함하는 트립스플러스의 종합판으로 복제약의 출시를 더욱 지연시킬 것이고 약값폭등을 불러올 것이다. 한국은 전국민건강보험제도가 있지만 제약사가 부르는 대로 약값을 지불한다면 붕괴될 것이다. 또 ‘독립적 이의신청기구’와 ‘의약품 및 의료기기 위원회’를 설치하도록 한 것은 미국의 동의없이는 의약품제도와 정책의 변경이 어렵다는 것을 의미한다. 그리고 무상공급, 무상교육, 무상의료 등의 공공정책을 무력화시킬수 있는 공포스러운 ‘투자자 국가 소송제’를 포함한다. 게다가 10월 2일에 위조방지무역협정(ACTA) 최종본에 캐나다, 일본, 한국, 미국 등 8개국이 서명하였다. 위조방지무역협정(ACTA)은 복제약의 수입과 수출을 막을 위험을 갖고 있다.

더 큰 문제는 한미FTA는 미국과 한국만의 문제로 끝나지 않는다는 것이다. 한국은 미국식FTA와 유럽식 FTA를 맨 앞에 서서 수출하는 나라가 되려고 한다. 유럽연합은 2006년부터 공격적으로 관세 및 비관세장벽을 모두 철폐하려는 새로운 FTA정책을 취하고 있는데, 그 첫 번째 대상이 바로 한국과 인도이다. 올해 7월에 발효된 한 EU FTA는 제네릭의약품의 수입과 수출을 막을 수 있는 국경조치가 포함되어있다. 미국은 TPPA가 아시아태평양지역을 관통하는 FTA의 견본으로서, 한미FTA협정안을 기본으로 해야한다는 입장이다. 한미FTA협정안이 비준되어 ‘살아있는 협정’이 되면 현존하는 가장 강력하고 포괄적인 FTA가 되고, 이는 다시 미국과 한국정부에 의해 다른 나라에 강요될 것이다. 즉 미국과 한국정부 모두 올해 6월 뉴욕에서 15by15에 대해 약속했으나 가장 앞장서서 트립스플러스를 FTA를 통해 강요하고 있다.

한미FTA가 비준된다면 2015년까지 추가적으로 900만명에게 에이즈치료제를 공급하겠다는 약속의 실현은 고사하고 현 상태도 유지하기 힘들게 만드는 결과를 초래할 것이다. 대한민국 국회는 전 세계 에이즈감염인을 죽음으로 몰아넣고, 에이즈확산의 주범이 될 것인가? 당장 한미FTA를 폐기하고 유엔회원국으로서 15by15의 약속을 지켜라!

2011년 10월 14일

HIV/AIDS감염인단체 러브포원, HIV/AIDS인권연대 나누리+(건강사회를위한약사회, 공공의약센터, 동성애자인권연대, 한국게이인권운동단체 친구사이), 진보네트워크센터, 정보공유연대 IPLeft, 지구지역행동네트워크, 문화연대, 국제민주연대, 새사회연대, 인권운동사랑방, 민주노동자연대, 성노동자권리모임지지, 전국장애인차별철폐연대, 장애인정보문화누리, 장애물없는생활환경시민연대, 장애와인권발바닥행동, 건강권실현을 위한 보건의료단체연합, 젊은 보건의료인의 공간 '다리', 건강세상네트워크, 민주노동당 성소수자위원회

The International Treatment Preparedness Coalition(ITPC)

The Asia Pacific Network of People Living with HIV/AIDS(APN+)

The Asian Network of People who Use Drugs(ANPUD)

Positive Malaysian Treatment Access & Advocacy Group(MTAAG+)

Health GAP (Global Access Project)-US

The Thai Network of People living with HIV/AIDS(TNP+)

Alternative Agricultural Network-Thailand

Rural Pharmacists Foundation-Thailand

Rural Doctors Foundation-Thailand

Rural Doctor Society-Thailand

Drug Study Group-Thailand

Thai NGO Coalition on AIDS-Thailand

Foundation for AIDS Rights-Thailand

AIDS ACCESS Foundation-Thailand

Foundation for Consumers-Thailand

Health and Development Foundation-Thailand

Thai Holistic Health Foundation-Thailand

FTA Watch

Ecological Alert and Recovery(EARTH)–Thailand

Health Consumers Protection Program-Thailand

Drug System Monitoring and Development Program-Thailand

Social Pharmacy Research Unit, Chulalongkorn University-Thailand

Delhi Network of Positive People

Uttar Pradesh Network of People Living With HIV/AIDS(UPNP+)-Naresh Yadaw

Madhya Pradesh Network of People Living With HIV/AIDS(MPNP+)-rajpal Yadaw

Network of maharashtra by people living with HIV(NMP+)-Prashant Yende

Rajsthan network of people living with HIV(RNP+)-Brijesh Dube

Ahamadnagar Network of People Living With HIV/AIDS-Amale

Kolhapur Network of People Living With HIV/AIDS-Yuvraj shinde

Gadchiroli Network of People Living With HIV/AIDS-Vijay Bhende

Akola Network of People Living With HIV/AIDS-Shunbhangi Kharat

Mumbai Network of People Living With HIV/AIDS-Bharati Sonawane

Thane Network of People Living With HIV/AIDS-Shabana Patel

Beed Network of People Living With HIV/AIDS-Mangal Moholkar

Latur Network of People Living With HIV/AIDS-Shila

본문

To: Park Hee-tae, the National Assembly Speaker and Nam Kyoung-pil, the Chairman of Foreign affairs, Trade and Unification Committee

Does the National Assembly of South Korea want to be a prime offender of the HIV/AIDS epidemic?  Abolish the Korea-US FTA, a total composite of TRIPS-plus right now!

Evaluating global responses on HIV/AIDS of the past 10 years, the UNAIDS suggested 3 Zeros-Zero new infection, Zero AIDS-related death and Zero discrimination, which is a new coping strategy hereafter. Then June 2011, UN state parties agreed on “15by15” to make zero AIDS-related deaths in the UN general assembly high level meeting on HIV/AIDS. The “15by15” is a decision to commit the world to get 15 million people living with HIV/AIDS on medication (ARV) by 2015. There are 3/5 out of 15 million PLWHA who need treatment but cannot get medicines, and it is scientifically proved that the AIDS treatment itself is not only saving lives, but breaking the cycle of new infections. According to the UNAIDS, about 6.6 million people were receiving antiretroviral therapy in low- and middle-income countries at the end of 2010, that is a nearly 22-fold increase compared to 2001. Accessibility to the right treatment has increased due to the low price generic medicines. However, there are still 9 million people living with HIV/AIDS who are not able to access to anti-AIDS medicines.

Nevertheless, procedures of trade agreements which will incapacitate the “15by15”, a global commitment of the UN state parties, are ongoing now. Through India-EU FTA, TPPA (Trans-Pacific Partnership Agreement), ACTA (Anti-Counterfeiting Trade Agreement), and Korea-US FTA, European Union and the U.S. intend to protect intellectual property rights stronger than TRIPS. In Korea, so called ‘TRIPS-plus’ which includes approval-patent linkage, data exclusivity, independent review process, medicines & medical devices committee, and the investor-state dispute is expected to be concluded. Even in the U.S., “approval-patent linkage” which the U.S. government imposes the most, shifts the burden of expensive medicines to the people, causing the abuse of the patent system and the unfairly delay of generic competition. After the “approval-patent linkage” being adopted by Canada through NAFTA, Korea is going to become the third country in the world bringing in the “approval-patent linkage”. If the Korea-US FTA would be ratified, it would be distinctly not only causing a spurt in prices of medicines by delaying generic version, but also paralyzing independent policy establishment process over insurance pricing decision and national health care system. Moreover, imposing “independent review process” and “medicines & medical devices committee” means that it become difficult to amend national medicines policies without consents of the U.S. government. Furthermore, Korea-U.S. FTA contains terrifying “investor-state dispute” which is able to incapacitate public policies such as free medical supply, free education and free health care. Besides, 8 countries including South Korea, the U.S., Canada and Japan signed the Anti-Counterfeiting Trade Agreement (ACTA) in Tokyo on October 2, 2011. There is a dangerous possibility in ACTA to obstruct export and import of generic medicines.

More significant issue is that the Korea-US FTA will not be ended between the U.S. and South Korea. South Korea is willing to be in the front line of exporting European FTA and American FTA models. Since 2006, EU aggressively takes a new FTA policy aiming to absolutely eliminate tariff and non-tariff barriers, and the first main targets are South Korea and India. The Korea-EU FTA which came into effect from July, 2011, contains a border measure to let blocking export and import of generic medicines possible. The U.S. is in the position to make the Korea-US FTA as a base for FTAs throughout the Asia-Pacific region. If the Korea-US FTA would be ratified which includes approval-patent linkage, data exclusivity, independent review process, medicines & medical devices committee, and the investor-state dispute and became a “Living Agreement”, it might be the most powerful and comprehensive FTA in existence, could be forced on other countries by the Korea and the U. S. governments. In a word, even though the U.S. and Korea governments made a commitment to the “15by15” June, 2011 in New York, they push other countries to impose TRIPS-plus by using FTA in the very front.

If the Korea-US FTA would be ratified, the goal which is committed to provide antiretroviral medicines additionally to 9 million people, could not be achieved but also brought a result making people living with HIV/AIDS hard to maintain even a current status.

Does the Korean National Assembly want to be a prime offender of the AIDS epidemic by driving PLWHV of the whole world into deaths?

Stop the Korea-US FTA Right Now, Stick to the “15by15” as an UN state party!

October, 14^th, 2011

<South Korea>

Korean People living with HIV/AIDS Group 'LOVE4ONE'

Solidarity for HIV/AIDS Human Rights Nanuri+ [Public Pharmaceutical Center / Solidarity for Lesbian Gay Bisexual Transgender Human Rights of Korea / Korean Gay Men’s Human Rights Group/ Korean Pharmacists for Democratic Society]

Korean Progressive Network Jinbonet

Intellectual Property Left

Network for Global Activism

Cultural Action

Korean House for International Solidarity

Human Rights Solidarity for New Society

SARANGBANG group for Human Rights

Democratic Workers' Solidarity

GG:Network for Sex Workers Rights

Solidarity Against Disability Discrimination

Information & Culture Nuri for the Disabled Korean

Network of Accessible Environments for All

Disability and Humanrights In Action

Korean Medical Action Groups for Health Rights

Health Right Network

Dary

Democratic Labor Party Sexual Minor Committee

<Foreign>

The International Treatment Preparedness Coalition(ITPC)

The Asia Pacific Network of People Living with HIV/AIDS(APN+)

The Asian Network of People who Use Drugs(ANPUD)

Positive Malaysian Treatment Access & Advocacy Group(MTAAG+)

Health GAP (Global Access Project)-US

The Thai Network of People living with HIV/AIDS(TNP+)

Alternative Agricultural Network-Thailand

Rural Pharmacists Foundation-Thailand

Rural Doctors Foundation-Thailand

Rural Doctor Society-Thailand

Drug Study Group-Thailand

Thai NGO Coalition on AIDS-Thailand

Foundation for AIDS Rights-Thailand

AIDS ACCESS Foundation-Thailand

Foundation for Consumers-Thailand

Health and Development Foundation-Thailand

Thai Holistic Health Foundation-Thailand

FTA Watch-Thailand

Ecological Alert and Recovery(EARTH)–Thailand

Health Consumers Protection Program-Thailand

Drug System Monitoring and Development Program-Thailand

Social Pharmacy Research Unit, Chulalongkorn University-Thailand

Uttar Pradesh Network of People Living With HIV/AIDS (UPNP+) - Naresh Yadaw

Madhya Pradesh Network of People Living With HIV/AIDS (MPNP+) - rajpal Yadaw

Network of maharashtra by people living with HIV (NMP+) - Prashant Yende 

Rajsthan network of people living with HIV (RNP+) - Brijesh Dube

Ahamadnagar Network of People Living With HIV/AIDS - Amale

Kolhapur Network of People Living With HIV/AIDS - Yuvraj shinde

Gadchiroli Network of People Living With HIV/AIDS - Vijay Bhende

Akola Network of People Living With HIV/AIDS - Shunbhangi Kharat

Mumbai Network of People Living With HIV/AIDS - Bharati Sonawane

Thane Network of People Living With HIV/AIDS - Shabana Patel

Beed Network of People Living With HIV/AIDS - Mangal Moholkar

latur Network of People Living With HIV/AIDS - Shila

Contact:

Name: Jaecheon Kim

Organization: Solidarity for HIV/AIDS Human Rights Nanuri+

Email address: jaekim1980@gmail.com

Name: Miran Kwon

Organization: Solidarity for HIV/AIDS Human Rights Nanuri+

Email address: rmdal76@hanmail.net