communist left

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 레온 트로츠키의 사망  70년을 맞아

At 70 years after the murder of Leon Trotsky

위대한 혁명의 기억속에서, 미래의 혁명의 관점에서 트로츠키가 저질렀던 실수로 부터  배워야 한다

In memory of great revolutionary, to learn from his mistakes done in view of future revolutionary

On August 20, 1940 a gunman penetrated the deception of Stalin in Mexico in the house where Trotsky had taken refuge after his expulsion from the USSR in January 1929, and a long flight across Turkey, France and Norway. Taking advantage of an unguarded moment, pull out an ice ax dall'impermeabile, launched a violent blow to the head, killing one of the last survivors of the protagonists for Red October Stalinist terror at home.

1905. Trotsky we remember the role as chairman of the first Soviet (proletarian mass assemblies created to organize the political struggle of class against the bourgeoisie and tsarism) in Petrograd, a tireless organizer and promoter organization of workers' councils nerve center of the insurrection of 1905, its capacity - even before Lenin - to identify what organizational form the source of future organs of bourgeois power of the proletariat and the means of reorganization of the new world.

 1917. Trotsky is still in the course of 1917, to accede unconditionally to the April Theses Lenin and the draft according to which the revolution was possible even in semi-feudal Russia for two fundamental reasons:

it was the weak link of the Exchequer imperialist world, the difficulties of the Tsarist regime that could be exploited to open a gap in the international capitalist camp, the prospect of world revolution;

 Although Russia was still at a very backward (despite the "islands" of strong industrialization), his working class had proven to fulfill the revolutionary tasks by virtue of his ability to lead an open class struggle, giving life during it, their future bodies of power, the soviets.

 1918-20. In the aftermath of the war, Trotsky still plays a major role in both the peace deal with the Germans, is enormous work of organizing the defense of Soviet power against the assaults of whites. For three years he lived on an armored train from which he organized and directed the Red Army on several fronts in the war against encirclement by the reactionaries.

1921. Defeats the armies of white, but without the essential contribution of the international revolution that came to the rescue of the Russian proletariat, the Bolsheviks found themselves in front of an isolated situation unexpected in its size. The revolution, isolated, made a slow retreat and political organization.  Almost all of his players fell victim to events which could not decipher, immense. The sad curtain of the counter during the '20s fell on Russia gradually assuming the face of Stalinism. Revolutionaries should have had a penalty and a firmness such as to understand what was happening and, at least, do not let the thread breaks, thus preserving the communist program and the possibility of new revolutions.  As we have argued, among others, in "1921, the beginning of the counter and in the book" The counterrevolution - The unresolved Stalinism, "it was when the revolution was defeated external enemies who became factual account of its isolation, and from there the trouble began to get serious.

 The International. From the third congress of the (June-July 1921), in a desperate attempt to artificially extend the influence of foreign communist parties, the international will give the password "to the masses!" Before, dangerous opportunism in the opening world party of the proletariat. Then give an indication of the united front with the social democracies and, finally, again in the vain hope of winning workers with tactical expedients instead due to the coherence and strength of its program, will launch the fourth congress of the slogan "workers' government . Trotsky support and interpreter will turn this incredible tactics which, denying the constitutional principles of revolutionary (that is, bourgeois state machine must be broken by force, there was intermediate between the political dictatorship of the bourgeoisie and dictatorship of the proletariat, Social Democracy is the left bank of storage class), it undermined the coherence and anchoring to Marxism as delivering the masses, to which, while it was going to absolutely heel, would also deny the only means by affiliated parties which could withstand the retreat and prepare for future assaults: policy coherence, adherence to the Marxist method and program communities were gradually made meatballs, many failed attempts at revolution, and finally, the opposition was dispersed. The same interpreter and advocate of Trotsky held tactic again in 1938 by founding the Fourth International and giving a program - the transition program - will resume and expand all compromises, and opportunism in the openings were pregnant in the third and fourth congress of 'International.

 Russia. Thus, while the Italian communist left, from 1921-23, denounced the danger of turning in the International opportunist and as loudly demanded that the question of "where is going to Russia?" Was tabled by day of the International and was not treated as a purely internal Russian party (on the other hand, if the revolution had won in Russia, this was possible because it was framed in a strategic global) short, while the revolution already had started to go downhill, Trotsky instead of seizing the opportunity and develop a long battle to return to the communist program, was completely absorbed by the sterile internal clashes between his faction, which favored heavy industrialization, and that of Stalin and Bukharin, pro-free enterprise for the farmers. Defeated on this ground (and not on what the fate of the world revolution!), Folded silently suffering for party discipline, a defeat which he could not make out the huge real contours.  Fell once more to the field again in 1927 in defense planning and industrialization accelerated (!),  The first Russian opposition had failed politically, the Communist program came out totally transformed, the exploited were completely deprived of the only tool that could make their victorious struggle the party and the revolutionary program, now Stalin had his hands free for go to physical extermination.

The end. After the defeat, went into exile, while in Russia began the massacre of the entire Bolshevik old guard. This happened just when Stalin, a sudden and drastic change, closing the period of freedom to the peasants and gave off the first five-year plan of heavy industrialization and the "collectivization" forced in the countryside. Stalinism, once defeat the opposition, they implemented the program for the triumph of the counterrevolution, demonstrating the strength of the irrefutable facts that even the program that had adopted the Trotskyist opposition in 1923 was in fact a program harmony with the interests of world revolution.

 The tragedy in the tragedy. Trotsky was never able to rework to the core experience of the Russian Revolution, so intensely intertwined with his life at times identify with. Come per  As Bordiga and other revolutionaries who survived those years, to draw a comprehensive and fruitful balance immense experience will prove very difficult, and the attempt to somehow justify Russia (Trotsky, until his death deny that Stalin had restored capitalism) will result in the complex series of theoretical and political aberrations that are called the Fourth International and Trotskyism. The main feature of which over decades has been faithfully to the transition program, the search for every possible tactical apparently necessary to implement a communist, but, in fact has become very vague and indistinct. That, unfortunately, the political legacy of Trotsky - Trotskyism - of which he was convinced and conscious creator, can not be ascribed as products of the counterrevolution and, as such fought.

Lotus Lotus